Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913 + 1828)


Page 622

Geometrically

Ge`o*met"ric*al*ly (?), adv. According to the rules or laws of geometry.

Geometrician

Ge*om`e*tri"cian (?), n. One skilled in geometry; a geometer; a mathematician.

Geometrid

Ge*om"e*trid (?), a. (Zoöl.) Pertaining or belonging to the Geometridæ.

Geometrid

Ge*om"e*trid, n. (Zoöl.) One of numerous genera and species of moths, of the family Geometridæ; -- so called because their larvæ (called loopers, measuring worms, spanworms, and inchworms) creep in a looping manner, as if measuring. Many of the species are injurious to agriculture, as the cankerworms.

Geometrize

Ge*om"e*trize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Geometrized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Geometrizing (?).] To investigate or apprehend geometrical quantities or laws; to make geometrical constructions; to proceed in accordance with the principles of geometry.
Nature geometrizeth, and observeth order in all things. Sir T. Browne.

Geometry

Ge*om"e*try (?), n; pl. Geometries (#) [F. géométrie, L. geometria, fr. Gr. , fr. to measure land; , , the earth + to measure. So called because one of its earliest and most important applications was to the measurement of the earth's surface. See Geometer.]

1. That branch of mathematics which investigates the relations, properties, and measurement of solids, surfaces, lines, and angles; the science which treats of the properties and relations of magnitudes; the science of the relations of space.

2. A treatise on this science. Analytical, ∨ Coördinate, geometry, that branch of mathematical analysis which has for its object the analytical investigation of the relations and properties of geometrical magnitudes. -- Descriptive geometry, that part of geometry which treats of the graphic solution of all problems involving three dimensions. -- Elementary geometry, that part of geometry which treats of the simple properties of straight lines, circles, plane surface, solids bounded by plane surfaces, the sphere, the cylinder, and the right cone. -- Higher geometry, that pert of geometry which treats of those properties of straight lines, circles, etc., which are less simple in their relations, and of curves and surfaces of the second and higher degrees.

Geophagism

Ge*oph"a*gism (?), n. [Gr. , , earth + to eat.] The act or habit of eating earth. See Dirt eating, under Dirt. Dunglison.

Geophagist

Ge*oph"a*gist (?), n. One who eats earth, as dirt, clay, chalk, etc.

Geophagous

Ge*oph"a*gous (?), a. Earth-eating.

Geophila

Ge*oph"i*la (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr., , earth + to love.] (Zoöl.) The division of Mollusca which includes the land snails and slugs.

Geoponic, Geoponical

Ge`o*pon"ic (?), Ge`o*pon"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. ; , , earth + toilsome, fr. labor: cf. F. géoponique.] Pertaining to tillage of the earth, or agriculture.

Geoponics

Ge`o*pon"ics (?), n. [Gr. : cf. F. géoponique.] The art or science of cultivating the earth; agriculture. Evelin.

Georama

Ge`o*ra"ma (?), n. [Gr. , , the earth + sight, view, to see, view: cf. F. géorama.] A hollow globe on the inner surface of which a map of the world is depicted, to be examined by one standing inside.

Geordie

Geor"die (?), n. A name given by miners to George Stephenson's safety lamp. Raymond.

George

George (?), n. [F. George, or Georges, a proper name, fr. Gr. husbandman, laborer; , , the earth + to work; akin to E. work. See Work.]

1. A figure of St. George (the patron saint of England) on horseback, appended to the collar of the Order of the Garter. See Garter.

2. A kind of brown loaf. [Obs.] Dryden.

George noble

George" no`ble (?). [So called from the image of St. George on it.] A gold noble of the time of Henry VIII. See Noble, n.

Georgian

Geor"gi*an (?), a.

1. Of or pertaining to Georgia, in Asia, or to Georgia, one of the United States.

2. Of or relating to the reigns of the four Georges, kings of Great Britan; as, the Georgian era. <-- five? -->

Georgian

Geor"gi*an, n. A native of, or dweller in, Georgia.

Georgic

Geor"gic (?), n. [L. georgicum (sc. carmen), and georgica, pl., Gr. , and : cf. F. géorgiques, pl. See Georgic, a.] A rural poem; a poetical composition on husbandry, containing rules for cultivating lands, etc.; as, the Georgics of Virgil.

Georgic, Georgical

Geor"gic (?), Geor"gic*al (?), a. [L. georgicus, Gr. , fr. tillage, agriculture: cf. F. géorgique. See George.] Relating to agriculture and rural affairs.

Georgium Sidus

Geor"gi*um Si`dus (?). [NL., the star of George (III. of England).] (Astron.) The planet Uranus, so named by its discoverer, Sir W. Herschel.

Geoscopy

Ge*os"co*py (?), n. [Gr. , , the earth + -scopy: cf. F. géoscopie.] Knowledge of the earth, ground, or soil, obtained by inspection. Chambers.

Geoselenic

Ge`o*se*len"ic (?), a. [Gr. , , the earth + moon.] Pertaining to the earth and moon; belonging to the joint action or mutual relations of the earth and moon; as, geoselenic phenomena.

Geostatic

Ge`o*stat"ic (?), a. [Gr. , , earth + E. static.] (Civil Engin.) Relating to the pressure exerted by earth or similar substance. Geostatic arch, an arch having a form adapted to sustain pressure similar to that exerted by earth. Rankine.

Geosynclinal

Ge`o*syn*cli"nal (?), n. [Gr. , , the earth + E. synclinal.] (Geol.) the downward bend or subsidence of the earth's crust, which allows of the gradual accumulation of sediment, and hence forms the first step in the making of a mountain range; -- opposed to geanticlinal.

Geothermometer

Ge`o*ther*mom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. , , the earth + E. thermometer.] (Physics) A thermometer specially constructed for measuring temperetures at a depth below the surface of the ground.

Geotic

Ge*ot"ic (?) a. [Gr. , , the earth.] Belonging to earth; terrestrial. [Obs.] Bailey.

Geotropic

Ge`o*trop"ic (?), a. [See Geotropism.] (Biol.) Relating to, or showing, geotropism.

Geotropism

Ge*ot"ro*pism (?), n. [Gr. , , the earth + to turn.] (Biol.) A disposition to turn or incline towards the earth; the influence of gravity in determining the direction of growth of an organ. &hand; In plants, organs which grow towards the center of the earth are said to be positively geotropic, and those growing in the opposite direction negatively geotropic. In animals, geotropism is supposed by some to have an influence either direct or indirect on the plane of division of the ovum.

Gephyrea

Ge*phyr"e*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. a dam, a bridge.] (Zoöl.) An order of marine Annelida, in which the body is imperfectly, or not at all, annulated externally, and is mostly without setæ.

Gephyrean

Ge*phyr"e*an (?), a. (Zoöl.) Belonging to the Gephyrea. -- n. One of the Gerphyrea.

Gephyreoid

Ge*phyr"e*oid (?), a. & n. [Gephyrea + -oid.] Gephyrean.

Gepound

Ge*pound" (?), n. See Gipoun. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Gerah

Ge"rah (?), n. [Heb. grah, lit., a bean.] (Jewish Antiq.) A small coin and weight; 1-20th of a shekel. &hand; The silver gerah is supposed to have been worth about three cents; the gold about fifty-four cents; the weight equivalent to about thirteen grains.

Geraniaceous

Ge*ra`ni*a"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to a natural order of pants (Geraniaceæ) which includes the genera Geranium, Pelargonium, and many others.

Geraniine, Geranine

Ge*ra"ni*ine (?), Ger"a*nine (?), n. [See Geranium.]

1. (Med.) A valuable astringet obtained from the root of the Geranium maculatum or crane's-bill.

2. (Chem.) A liquid terpene, obtained from the crane's-bill (Geranium maculatum), and having a peculiar mulberry odor. [Written also geranium.]

Geranium

Ge*ra"ni*um (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. , from crane: cf. F. géranium. See Crane, n.]

1. (Bot.) A genus of plants having a beaklike tours or receptacle, around which the seed capsules are arranged, and membranous projections, or stipules, at the joints. Most of the species have showy flowers and a pungent odor. Called sometimes crane's-bill.

2. (Floriculture) A cultivated pelargonium. &hand; Many plants referred to the genus Geranium by the earlier botanists are now separated from it under the name of Pelargonium, which includes all the commonly cultivated geraniums", mostly natives of South Africa.

Gerant

Ge"rant (?), n. [F. gérant.] The manager or acting partner of a company, joint-stock association, etc.

Gerbe

Gerbe (?), n. [F., prop. a sheaf.] (Pyrotechny) A kind of ornamental firework. Farrow.

Gerbil, Gerbille

Ger"bil (?), Ger`bille" (?), n. [F. gerbille. Cf. Jerboa.] (Zoöl.) One of several species of small, jumping, murine rodents, of the genus Gerbillus. In their leaping powers they resemble the jerboa. They inhabit Africa, India, and Southern Europe.

Gerboa

Ger*bo"a (?), n. (Zoöl.) The jerboa.

Gere

Gere (?), n. Gear. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Gerent

Ge"rent (?), a. [L. gerens, p. pr. of gerere to bear, manage.] Bearing; carrying. [Obs.] Bailey.

Gerfalcon

Ger"fal`con (?), n. (Zoöl.) See Gyrfalcon.

Gerful

Ger"ful (?), a. [Cf. OF. girer to twirl, E. gyrate.] Changeable; capricious. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Gerland, Gerlond

Ger"land (?), Ger"lond
, n. A garland. [Obs.]

Gerlind

Ger"lind (?), n. (Zoöl.) A salmon returning from the sea the second time. [Prov. Eng.]

Germ

Germ (?), n. [F. germe, fr. L. germen, germinis, sprout, but, germ. Cf. Germen, Germane.]

1. (Biol.) That which is to develop a new individual; as, the germ of a fetus, of a plant or flower, and the like; the earliest form under which an organism appears.

In the entire process in which a new being originates . . . two distinct classes of action participate; namely, the act of generation by which the germ is produced; and the act of development, by which that germ is evolved into the complete organism. Carpenter.

2. That from which anything springs; origin; first principle; as, the germ of civil liberty. Disease germ (Biol.), a name applied to certain tiny bacterial organisms or their spores, such as Anthrax bacillus and the Micrococcus of fowl cholera, which have been demonstrated to be the cause of certain diseases. See Germ theory (bellow). -- Germ cell (Biol.), the germ, egg, spore, or cell from which the plant or animal arises. At one time a part of the body of the parent, it finally becomes detached,and by a process of multiplication and growth gives rise to a mass of cells, which ultimately form a new individual like the parent. See Ovum. -- Germ gland. (Anat.) See Gonad. -- Germ stock (Zoöl.), a special process on which buds are developed in certain animals. See Doliolum. -- Germ theory (Biol.), the theory that living organisms can be produced only by the evolution or development of living germs or seeds. See Biogenesis, and Abiogenesis. As applied to the origin of disease, the theory claims that the zymotic diseases are due to the rapid development and multiplication of various bacteria, the germs or spores of which are either contained in the organism itself, or transferred through the air or water. See Fermentation theory.

Germ

Germ (?), v. i. To germinate. [R.] J. Morley.

Germain

Ger*main" (?), a. [Obs.] See Germane.

German

Ger"man (?), a. [OE. german, germain, F. germain, fr. L. germanus full, own (said of brothers and sisters who have the same parents); akin to germen germ. Cf. Germ, Germane.] Nearly related; closely akin.
Wert thou a leopard, thou wert german to the lion. Shak.
Brother german. See Brother german. -- Cousins german. See the Note under Cousin.

German

Ger"man, n.; pl. Germans (#) [L. Germanus, prob. of Celtis origin.]

1. A native or one of the people of Germany.

2. The German language.

3. (a) A round dance, often with a waltz movement, abounding in capriciosly involved figures. (b) A social party at which the german is danced. High German, the Teutonic dialect of Upper or Southern Germany, -- comprising Old High German, used from the 8th to the 11th century; Middle H. G., from the 12th to the 15th century; and Modern or New H. G., the language of Luther's Bible version and of modern German literature. The dialects of Central Germany, the basis of the modern literary language, are often called Middle German, and the Southern German dialects Upper German; but High German is also used to cover both groups. -- Low German, the language of Northern Germany and the Netherlands, -- including Friesic; Anglo-Saxon or Saxon; Old Saxon; Dutch or Low Dutch, with its dialect, Flemish; and Plattdeutsch (called also Low German), spoken in many dialects.

German

Ger"man, a. [L. Germanus. See German, n.] Of or pertaining to Germany. German Baptists. See Dunker. -- German bit, a wood-boring tool, having a long elliptical pod and a scew point. -- German carp (Zoöl.), the crucian carp. -- German millet (Bot.), a kind of millet (Setaria Italica, var.), whose seed is sometimes used for food. -- German paste, a prepared food for caged birds. -- German process (Metal.), the process of reducing copper ore in a blast furnace, after roasting, if necessary. Raymond. -- German sarsaparilla, a substitute for sarsaparilla extract. -- German sausage, a polony, or gut stuffed with meat partly cooked. -- German silver (Chem.), a silver-white alloy, hard and tough, but malleable and ductile, and quite permanent in the air. It contains nickel, copper, and zinc in varying proportions, and was originally made from old copper slag at Henneberg. A small amount of iron is sometimes added to make it whiter and harder. It is essentially identical with the Chinese alloy packfong. It was formerly much used for tableware, knife handles, frames, cases, bearings of machinery, etc., but is now largely superseded by other white alloys. -- German steel (Metal.), a metal made from bog iron ore in a forge, with charcoal for fuel. -- German text (Typog.), a character resembling modern German type, used in English printing for ornamental headings, etc., as in the words, &hand; This line is German Text. -- German tinder. See Amadou.

Germander

Ger*man"der (?), n. [OE. germaunder, F. germandrée, It. calamandrea, L. chamaedrys, fr. Gr.; on the earth or ground + tree. See Humble, and Tree.] (Bot.) A plant of the genus Teucrium (esp. Teucrium Chamædrys or wall germander), mintlike herbs and low shrubs. American germander, Teucrium Canadense. -- Germander chickweed, Veronica agrestis. -- Water germander, Teucrium Scordium. -- Wood germander, Teucrium Scorodonia.

Germane

Ger*mane" (?), a. [See German akin, nearly related.] Literally, near akin; hence, closely allied; appropriate or fitting; relevant.
The phrase would be more germane to the matter. Shak.
[An amendment] must be germane. Barclay (Digest).

Germanic

Ger*man"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or containing, germanium.

Germanic

Ger*man"ic, a. [L. Germanicus: cf. F. germanique. See German, n.]

1. Of or pertaining to Germany; as, the Germanic confederacy.

2. Teutonic. [A loose sense]

Germanism

Ger"man*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. germanisme.]

1. An idiom of the German language.

2. A characteristic of the Germans; a characteristic German mode, doctrine, etc.; rationalism. J. W. Alexander.

Germanium

Ger*ma"ni*um (?), n. [NL., fr. L. Germania Germany.] (Chem.) A rare element, recently discovered (1885), in a silver ore (argyrodite) at Freiberg. It is a brittle, silver-white metal, chemically intermediate between the metals and nonmetals, resembles tin, and is in general identical with the predicted ekasilicon. Symbol Ge. Atomic weight 72.3.

Germanization

Ger`man*i*za"tion (?), n. The act of Germanizing. M. Arnold.

Germanize

Ger"man*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Germanized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Germanizing (?).] To make German, or like what is distinctively German; as, to Germanize a province, a language, a society.

Germanize

Ger"man*ize, v. i. To reason or write after the manner of the Germans.

Germarium

Ger*ma"ri*um (?), n. [NL. See Germ.] (Zoöl.) An organ in which the ova are developed in certain Turbellaria.